Manual Scavenging-Free Districts Increase to 729 Out of 766

New Delhi:  In a notable achievement, as of January 31, 2024, 729 out of the 766 districts in the country have declared themselves manual scavenging-free, signaling progress in eradicating this hazardous practice. The commitment to eliminating manual scavenging aligns with the objectives of the Swachh Bharat Mission – Urban (SBM-U) 2.0.

Launched on October 1, 2021, SBM-U 2.0 introduced a crucial component named Used Water Management (UWM) with a primary goal of eradicating hazardous entry into sewers and septic tanks. Mechanizing sewer and septic tank cleaning operations became a key focus, and central funds were allocated to Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) with populations less than 1 lakh to procure sufficient septic tank desludging equipment.

To further incentivize the shift from manhole to machine hole, additional central assistance is provided under SBM-U 2.0. These funds are directed towards the procurement of mechanized desludging/cleaning equipment, training for SafaiMitras, capacity building, and public awareness programs. A protocol was developed to establish minimum standards in the mechanization of sewer and septic tank cleaning operations, aiming to minimize hazardous manual entry and prevent casualties among Safaimitras.

The distinction between Manual Scavengers and those involved in hazardous cleaning of sewers and septic tanks is outlined in the Prohibition of Employment As Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act, 2013. According to the Act, “Manual Scavenger” refers to a person engaged in manually cleaning, carrying, disposing of, or handling human excreta in insanitary latrines or open drains. “Hazardous Cleaning” involves manual cleaning without the employer fulfilling obligations to provide protective gear and other cleaning devices, ensuring the observance of safety precautions.

In a written reply to a question in Lok Sabha, Minister of State for Social Justice and Empowerment Shri Ramdas Athawale highlighted these initiatives, emphasizing the government’s commitment to eliminating manual scavenging and promoting the mechanization of sewer and septic tank cleaning operations.