India’s Path to Net-Zero: IIM Ahmedabad Report Unveiled

New Delhi: A significant milestone in India’s journey towards a sustainable energy future was marked with the launch of a groundbreaking report titled “Synchronizing energy transitions towards possible Net-Zero for India: Affordable and clean energy for All.” The report, a result of a study project sanctioned by the Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser to the Government of India, in collaboration with the Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd (NPCIL), was unveiled at a meeting held in New Delhi on April 3, 2024.

Led by Prof. Amit Garg from the Public Systems Group at IIM Ahmedabad, the comprehensive study delves into the complexities of India’s energy trajectory, aiming to chart a course towards achieving net-zero emissions. The launch event witnessed the presence of esteemed dignitaries, including Prof. Ajay Kumar Sood, Principal Scientific Adviser (PSA) to the Government of India, Dr. V. K. Saraswat, Member, NITI Aayog, Dr. A. K. Mohanty, Secretary, Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), and Chairman, Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), among others.

The report addresses critical questions surrounding India’s energy landscape, providing insights into energy requirements, pathways for transition, energy mix projections, cost implications, carbon emissions, and investment needs until 2070, the target year for achieving net-zero emissions.

Key conclusions drawn from the report underscore the multifaceted nature of India’s energy transition, emphasizing the coexistence of various technologies in the energy mix. While coal is projected to remain a significant component in the short term, the report highlights the pivotal roles of nuclear power and renewable energy (RE) in achieving net-zero emissions by 2070.

The transition to net-zero entails widespread electrification across sectors, necessitating substantial investments and international cooperation. The report advocates for a development-led approach to clean energy transition, with a focus on low-cost hydrogen production and the adoption of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) in the nuclear sector.

During the launch event, Prof. Ajay Kumar Sood commended the report for its holistic approach and stressed the need for concerted efforts across sectors. Dr. Anil Kakodkar echoed the sentiment, emphasizing the importance of technological advancements in clean energy production. Dr. V. K. Saraswat lauded the findings of the report, emphasizing the need for a balanced energy mix and increased RE penetration.

Dr. A. K. Mohanty outlined the government’s plans for expanding the nuclear energy sector, underscoring the report’s significance in shaping future policy formulations.

The unveiling of the report marks a significant step forward in India’s quest for sustainable energy solutions, setting the stage for collaborative efforts towards achieving net-zero emissions and fostering economic development in the years to come.